Carbureter.



Gfw., n. A. A H. B. DONNING.`

CARBUHETER.

APPLICATION FILED sP'r.24, 1914.

Patented July 17', 1917'. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Summen WINTER WIM/8858:

mi@ www TTIiWE UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

GEORGE W. DONNING, OF STAMFORD, AND DAVID ALEXANDER DONNING ANDlHABRY B. DQNNING, 0F STRATFDRD, CDNNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 DONNING CABBURETER COBPURATIFON, OF ESOPUS, NEW YORK,

A COBPBATION OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

CARBURETER.

Patented July 17, 1917.

Appleman reed september 24, 1914. seri-.u No. 863,369.

` ing at Stamford, in the county ol' Fuirfield and State of Connecticut, .llliw'io -\.i runnen Donnlne, and Henny B. DUNN e, 'nii/:ens of the United State residing at Stratforifl, linthe county of Fan-field und State ol Con neoticut, have invented certain new and nseful Improvements in Curhureters. ot which the following is a specification, referentel being had therein to the aecoimpanylug drawing.

This invention relates to Carlini-eters.

A primary object of the ilyention is to construct a device whiehshall facilitate the milking' of high eliieiency gas within the carlnilreter and eii'ect an eeonolny in the use of fuel; and one which adapted to adjust and control the `ten'iperiiture for hydrocarbons of `different specific gravity to n'mintain the gas at a prfuletermi ned temperature irrespective of any stelden change in the weather (fair or stormy) or in the atmospheric temperature (hot or cold), 'wherefore no new adjustments of the fuel are required.; to reduce the loss of heat. due to coolingdan and by' radiation; to in itially prime the inlet manifold with. fuel; to initially heat the carburetor and air-init if desirable, inde0 pel'idently of fi/motor eo linge` teni for 'fa- `eilitating,` the starting of a moteur; and, if de irnllle, to eause the initial heater to be ineluded in the cooling ,sy"te1ii.

A more :it'ie olnjeet to convert practieally, ilE notall, of the globules of fuel into gas or vapor befm'e being; drawn into motorcylirulers and. tl'ie-rliy `greatly retliuze.` it not elimirmteythe po sibility ot eerl'ion depositing on the cylinder Walls, ete.

A` 'further object to provide a heateontrolling structure, embodying certain of: the lilnderlyiig prineiples ot' our invention, whieh may be applied as :in attueln'nent to any existing forlnof cerbiueter.`

.Anun'ln other tl'uulgrh not essential features ot our invention the prov sion. of h secondl'lnltically and manually to meet eertnin requirelneuts such as the adding of more air i to th ga the scavenging of the motor-eyL nadere, ete.

Other objeetsand advantages will in part he obvious from the annexed drawings while others will in part 'be pointed out in the following description.

The invention resides broadly in the fea.- tures and emistruetion, in the cm'nlililmtion of elements, in the arral'lgement o" parts, in the cmrelative aggroupment `of a plurality of instriunentalities, all as will be exemplified in the construction hereafter t forth, and the scope ot' application of whieh will be indicated in the elaimf hereto appended.

In order that the invention may readily be efmipreheiuled, drawings illustratingr some L of the possible embodiments and utilizations4 of the same are hereto appended :is a part off this disclosure. It' is manifest, however, that other possible utilizations, el'nbodiments and applications (employing the underlying principles of the invention) Will`fall within the spirit thereof and Within the objeets contemplated thereby.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a View in elevation, partly in section, of a. enrbureter constructed in ne col-dance with one embodiment of our in vention; j

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary View, in rear elevation, of a needle-valve operating mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary View, in vertieel section, of the carbllrter sl'iowing air and water-cl'nunlels for effecting initial heating thereof; also en eleetrie heater for warmimgy the Contents ot said channels; also another form of gas-controlling valve Within the` vmixing;orifice Fig. 5 is a view, similar to Fig. l, illus- `trating ai somewhat different embodiment of the invention and as applied to aearbureter of the Stromberg-type;

Fig. G is e detached View, in sectional elevation, of` a float-valve;

Fig. 7 is a` similar view of a thermostatiedevice; and l Fig. 8 is n fragmentary-view of en initial,`

prim ing ldevice. l

Referring to the drawings, and to the em- .making of gas and bodixnent illustrated in Figs. 1: to 4 and 8,

it will be seen that the reference-character 1 designates a motor-casing which, preferably and as usua1,'is lprovided with a water-cooling ysystem (not shown).

`Leading into the motor-casing is an inletmanifold 2 which communicates with a4 carbureter 3 preferably arranged in juxtaposition to the casing 1. The carbureter, in this instance, is provided with Water-circulating channels 4 which are utilized for effecting an initial heating of the structure, as presently hereinafter explained.

Communicating with the carbureter is a temperature-controlling chamber 5.

Connecting, yas by a conduit 6, with the chamber 5 is a main heat-generating cylinder 7 through which extends an exhaustmanifold Sthat, in turn, leads into the firing-chamber (not shown) of the motor.

Connecting With the carbureter-casing 3 or manifold 2 isa priming device which facilitates the making of gas and, hence, aids in the starting of the motor. A preferred form, 9(Figs. 1 and 8) While herein shown,

by Way of example, as an attachment, to.

the inlet-manifold; yet it may be located withinthe manifold. The purpose of this priming-device is to supply a small quantity of fuel to each cylinder-inlet port just in advance of or While the motor* is being cranked. In this instance, the primer 9 is rovided With a single cup 10 which is common to primer outlet-pipes 11, and includes an air-tight removable cap 12. The cup is filled with fuel which flows through the pipes 11 to small branches 13 extending into the manifold at each cylinder-port 14. Thus, the fuel commingles with air at the instant a suction stroke of the motor is made. Instead of the cu i 10, it is obvious that a fuel-supply-pipe not shown), provided with a shut-off cock 10, could be used with similar results. It is Within the contemplation of my invention that this initial 4priming-device may be attached to the manifold of any existing motor, similar asherein revealed in connection with our structure. l

Experience has shlown that an initial or primary heating of a carbureter is essential, especially when the temperature of the air is, say, 60, or less; since it facilitates the requires less fuel from the start, and a motor-car can always be started quickly, even on a Weak spark, irrespective of the spark-system employed, and whether higher low cylinder compression is employed. A saving of fuel, even of different grades, and ease'of starting motor, have been noted when the temperature of the air is as high as Y90". ln addition, the initial heating prevents refrigeration at the constricted area of a carbureter-the place where it is essential that it should be Warm and not cold; and also prevents loss of heat by radiation, since the heated air/,leading to the gas-malgfng chamber is protected.

To this'endfive have embodied an initial heating-device in the structure herein disclosed: In aeroplanes, automobiles, launches,

etc. (Where batteries are of small capacity) a carbureter withl the initial heater similar to that shown will be employed: The enlarged channels 4 which surround a gastire device, a small quantity of hot Water is poured through the opening 1T to fill the channels and, if desirable, the carbureter maythen be primed and, thereafter, the mo tor cranked. l.

If desirable (though not essential) and when gasolene is used as fuel, the initial heating channel 4 may be connected to the water-cooling system of the motor by a pipe 19,' which is provided with a lshut-'off cock 20, and, b'y a pipe 21, provided with a cock 22, to a regular pumping-device not herein shown but as is Well understood in the art: When the cocks are opened, the Water which has been warmed by passing around the motor cylinder circulates through the initialheating channel 4 and back to the pump through pipe 21. Of course, each time thatk the carburetor is initially heated, the cocks 20 and 22 in pipes 19 and 21,'respectively, are closed and the cock 18, in the bottom of the channel, is opened to draw oft'all cold Water. Thereafter, the hot Water which Shall then have been introduced through the opening 17, circulates through' the channel 4.

Now, after the motor has been running av 4vice: To this end, We have, in Fig. 3, shown a channel 4 (asin the embodiment illustrated i`n Fig. l), and this may be filled with air or any suitable heating liquid. Occupying part of the space therein, is an electric heating coil 24 with terminals 25 and 26 and wiring 27 leading to a battery 2S. A switch 29 is' disposed in the circuit for controlling the current from the battery to the coil. 'By this method, only a few minutes is required to heat up the contents in the channels of the carburetor and, if the motor-cooling system is connected tothe carburetor, cocks (not since there are other forms of primers that mi htbe employed. i,

o preclude climatic changes, the temperature of the di'erent zones, oraltitudespfrom affecting the gas-temperature, we employ a main heat-generating and temperature-controllin device which coperates electively with t e initial heatin device already de scribed and'influences t e heat` of it, so the latter in turn prevents loss of heat of the former by` radiation. This structure-which permits changes to be made, manually, in the' degrees of heat, and thenI maintaining the temperature at approximately any degree selected and which is done. automatically-will enable a user to select any numbei of hydrocarbon liquids for fuel; or they can be' mixed Without impairing their effectiveness as an explosive fuel. For example,

kerosene, lwith the proper degree ofheated` air (and even low-grade petroleum) may be usedvery effectively.' Gasolene (plain or mixed with other grades of hydrocarbon liquids) can be used:. Thus, in replenishing the supply a single receiving tank (not shown) is only necessary.

This heat-generating and' controlling device comprises .the cylindrical heating chamber 7, surrounding theexhaust-pipe 8, is provided with small perforations 3() which permit air to be drawn 'into the chamber in a plurality of small streams simultaneously withach suction-stroke of the motor. At one side or end of the chamber 7, and preferably remota` from the perforations 30, the temperature-controlliiig chamber 5 is con nected. In this instance, this chamber has two inlets 6 and 32 and one outlet 31 which gives communication to the gasmixing chamber 15; the inlet 32 opening from the atinos V here;

`In t e controlling-chamber .issuspended y a thermostat 33. `This thermostat, for cony' lvenience, is provided with a capped filling opening 3ft Fig. 7 and. at one end, with a stuiiingbox 35 in which a piston rod 36 slides for` controlling a valve 37 which, in this instance, and shown in Fig. 4L, is tubular, and it is mounted directly upon the piston-rod and whereby .it is given a reciprocating'movement. The thermostat actuates the valve in one direction and a spring 38,

resently to be described, assists toy return it. hus, the inlet 6 and the outlet 32 are alternately covered, or partly so.

Within the thermostat 33 the piston-head 39lis provided with one or more holes 40 to `permit the contents of cylinder to pass move the piston outwardly, that is, when the internal pressure of the cylinder exceeds the elastic controlling-device now about to be described. It is to be noted that the operative area of the surface on the left-side of the piston-head (Fig. 7) is considerably greater than that on the opposite side, since the latter is reduced to the extent of the dia,- metral dimensions of the piston-rod 36. Therefore, there would necessarily be a. preponderance of pressure on saidl left-side and this in practice has been found to be sufficient to overcome tha .on'the opposite side. This permits the pis n-head tomove toward. the right (Fig. 7) in the manner already described.

In this instance, the thermostat-piston. rod

36 extends through the tubular slideva1ve 37 and through the end of the chamber 5. Pivoted to a bracket 43 on the end ofthe chamber 5 is a lever 4,4 to Which the piston rod 36 is connected. At the opposite end of the lever are a plurality of holes 44, and Whereby adjustment may be effected between the action of the thermostat and the yielding member 38 which connects the lever 44to a control-lever 45. This is mounted on any convenient stationary part and Within reach of the operator. Coigieratingwith the control-lever 45 is, a lever-locking device 46 which engages segment 4:7 for nthe purpose of locking the lever 45 in any of a plurality of positions of adjustment. `The `segment may be marked with certain designations, such as A for alcoholi K, for kerosene; etc.: with degree-ndicating marks; or With other appropriate indications.

Assuming that a mixture of kerosene and gasolene is to be used the fuel, and that the lever 45 has been set properly; then the slide-valve 37 will be moved to cover the cold-.air entrance 32 leaving the hot-air opening open so that, on eachsuction-stroke of the motor, hot-air will' be drawn into the gas-nmking chamber from the main heatgencrating chamber and heating the thermostat as it As the temperature rises. the thei'niostatic pressure will-overcome the imeantime, sulicient pressure is developed to 1 and cold openings.

resistance of the yieldin member 38 and cause 'the valve 37 to gra nally close up the hot-air entrance and open the cold-air opening. If, for any reason, the temperature of the air varies, the thermostat Will automatically act and regulate it by varying the position of the slide-valve relatively to the hot Should more heat bef desired, for kerosene, say, the lever 45 would be thrown over to the left, thussetting up a greater resistance in. the springmember 3S and requiring a higher temperature to increase the thermostatic pressure sufficiently to overcome thev stress of the spring 38 when the temperature of the air exceeded that required or selected.

Obviously, this gas temperature controller may/be used as an attachment to any known make of carbureter. As an additional feature for checking np the temperature of the gas, a thermometer T may be placed in the inlet-manifold, as at 48.

ln the present embodiment, We have included fuel-controlling and air adjustingdevices: As shown in Fig. 1, a bevel-seat valve 49. when seated. covers a fuel entrance, leading into the carhureter below the valve 4f) and marked 50 in Fig. 2, and controlled by a needle-valve 5l. which is operated by a pinion 52, meshingr with a sector 53 pivoled at 54 on the side of the carburetor. The valve 49 may. if desired, be provided with any well known -form of spattering device. vTo impart. 'from a distance, movement to the sector 5?. .for the purpose of adjusting the 'quantity of fuel` a connectingrod is employed; and. in this instance, and. as shown in Fig. l. this rod is connected to a fuel-lever 56 which. in tuin-is secured to a tube (not shown) housed within a steering-post 5S. Movement is imparted to the tube by a hand-lever 59. which coperates with .a rack-plate 60 to hold the lever in any selected position.y as is well understood in steering-post. constructions.

ln Fig. 3. we have shown a modified form of valve. which, in this instance, is in the form of a tubular member 6l havinhf?r its top4 foru'ied with apertures `61", and provided with openings 61", in its side, of varying size so that. as the valve 61 is lifted, as bythe member 61", the quantity of' gaseous mixture-How is correspondingly varied. Carried by the "alve 61 is a piece of mesh 62 for catchinglr and spatiering the/fuel and for splitting up the air. A nozzle-entrance 61 is shown in Fig. 3, and which is controlled by the tubularmember (3l.

Above and below these valves, in Figs. 1 and Si, are basins 63 formed for receiving the surplus fuel which is gradually evaporated as the warm air-current passes through thc main air-inlet. A further commingling of the fuel and air occurs within the car-' bui-eter, as at 64 (Figs. 1 and 3).

-the needle-valve is shown in Fig. 6.k

-cam member 78, pivoted at 78,

A Hoet-valve 65 for controlling the feed of a given quantit yof fuel at a point between a main-supp y tanky (not shown) and may be incorporated in the carbureter, itself, asshown in Fig. 5; or be placed at a point somewh at' removed therefrom.

The fuel enters at the top 66 and forces a hall-valve :67 tightly against its seat 68. The flow of the fuel will then be directed`v over the umbrella-plate 69 (suspended from the top of the float-chamber) and falls be- -vond the neat-member 70. This float- This member is positioned by the stem 71 conneeted tofthe ball which, as -already explained, is controlled by the umbrella-plate 69." The 'stem' operatesin a guide 72 in the bottom of the valve-chamber.

fuel rises in the chamber to a' predetermined point, the float 70 is lifted.. and the fuel suppl is reduced or entirely cnt off by the bally67 as it nears or enters the np-V per valve-seat 73. A fuel-outlet 74 is provided; also a drain-cock75.` Within. the carburetor or manifold is a throttle-valve 76 shown, in this instance, as operable by foot or hand: A hrottle-lever 77 carries an extension 7 7* which is intended for hand use. A rod 79 is also connected to lever 77 and, in this instance, is connected to'a bell-crankto a suitable point of the motor or carburetor. At one end, the rod isA encircled by a spring 80, one end thereof being secured to the rod 79, while the free end presses against the underside of lever 77. Thus, when the lever f is forced downwardly ,by` hand, the spring S0 is compressed while the rod remains stationary. This permits the throttle-valve 76 to he opened'. Upon releasing the lever, the spring Se will canse the valve to close.l

As the To vary the size ofthe constricted section i of the carbureter, the valve 49 (Fig. 1) or The. valrc is vheld snugly in normal vposition by a spring S1 which surrounds a valvestem 92 that passes through Vthezloottom of the carburetor and is provided at its lower end with a nut S3. At each suction-stroke of the motor, the valve 49 is lifted'slightly from its seat and thereby uncovers the fuelentrancc to permit air to 'be drawn inand mixed with the fuel.

Under certain conditionsfor example, in accelerating or throttling down the motor, etc.-it is generally desirable to assist the Amotor in raising the valve 49 or to limit the height to which the valve should go. To this end'. the bell-crank member 78 is provided with two cam-shaped fingers '84 and 85. 'lhc latter is. preferably, forked to straddle and guide thevalre-stem 82. To operate. the bcll-crank-cam-carrying member 78 from adistant point,

a foot-treadle 86 is provided and connects with the-member 78 matically, or manually,

an adjustable nut 95 fie end of e mounted t passes around ate and control ated by suction into bex- 15a considerable nut 95 is adjusted.' remotely from the nut 96 aid in scavenging motor has actually.

' theiiut 96, there c an images !tlirough a 5 ated simultaneously with thc throttle valve.

To one Vside of the gas-making chamber 15 is a secondary air-inlet 89 which is con ti'olled by avalve 90 that ,may operate autoor not at all, atthe will of the operator who may be stationed ata point somewhat-remote from the Valve.

The valve90 is provided with a plurality of small holes 91 F ig./1=)` in its ace. The

15 valve may also be provided with apertures 9,1 for 4permittingl a small` amount of air continuously to -pass through the valve; conduit 92 leads from the temperature-control-chamber 5 to the secondary air-inlet 89 20 and houses a portion of the stemQ of the valve, The conduit Ais'for providing air of the same"v temperature "as that of 'the gas-so as `t avoid condensation. The valve-stem 93 extends through a bushing to a point ont- 25 lside of the conduit and supports a coilltspring 9 4, onefend of which abuts against the bushing, while the o posite end carries or tensioning the 96 is disposed on the the stem. Both o fwthese nuts. grovide 'working faceso'mlipivoted yoked ngerw97. 'In this instance, avlatchy 98 is x on the st'eeriiigpost 58 and, through a comiectingflement 99 which rolls A100,V is adapted'to operthe finger 97 lThe latch 98 isfsildably mounted on the steering-post, which is provided lwith a rack 101 forholdl the latch 98in any selectifsd position.

hen the locking `nrierber `98i`s placed in a manner to give the yoke 97 ample freedom of movement, the valve 90 can then be actu spring, A second nut distance provided the and permit a largev volume of, air--to n'r.

Byshuttingioi the fuel, shopld'the not be Working, the motorrwill draw airv until -it-stops running, all .of which the motor-cylinefr's, orf-v 'the fuel ma),T be turned on againbe:y one the.

` stopped, thus permitting i en the only a before scavenging it, yto .run as to permit Vyoke is ,so controlled; as

slightmovcment of the valve 90, a limited vwill pass through holes 91 amount of airv only. Then the yoke 1s held tightly against no movement of: the

valve away from its vlent; hence, no air can' $0' pass through the inlet-opening 89 except through the holes in the valvewhat can-pass 9() whenever these are provided.`

When the valve 90 is Wide open, the flow of fuelmay be shut off and the motor per spectively,

the glasmaking 'chamr.

is going at high speed, when the gas mixy ture may be made"lean. `In Fig. 5, the structure isshown as a pliedto a Water-jacketed carbure-ter of tlIie well-known Stromberg-type.

Leading'into an inlet-manifold Y102 is an initial primer/103 (similar to that already described and shownjin detail in Fig. 8). A `thermometer (not shown) is to be disposed at 104.

Theinitial heater, inthis instance, Velvitends into the temperaturecontrolling chamber 105 by a pipe-system 106 and is provided with the necessary cocks 107 and 108 tdacilitate the lemptying and filling of the pipe system. l. In addition, this system maybe included in the motor-cooling system or not, as'desired. f

Instead of a tubular slide-valve (like that shown in Fig. 1) for the hot-air intake 109 and the coldair ports 110, we'may-employ two independent'valves 111 m1611112', respectively, for the intake 109and the port 112. Both valves are operated in opposite directions by a thermostatic piston 113; that is to say, when the` hotair intake valve' is closing, the cold-air-valve is'opening, and vice versa. The valves are ivoted at vthe sides of theports. Depen ing 'from-the valves are actuating arms 114, and '115,` re'- which are connectedtov the piston as shown;V` a grooved roller 116 is provided at the 1ottom ofthe chamber, and theenlarged poi'- tion 117 is supported thereby.

In this construction, an elastic ling-device, in the form ot a spring 118, is mounted on the end of th'epist-on rod. 'One end of the spring is secured to the "piston control- To guide and balance thepiston,

rod, while the other 1s connected'to a collar v 119. VThiscollar is adapted toslide on the istonv rod vwhen a yoke-lever `120 is ad or 'during theaction of the stat 121, which, in this instance, is the 4same as thatv already hereinabove described.

l A hand-lever 122 is, by nected to the lever 120 yand controls the action ofthepiston inmuch the same manner as the control-device described above in 'connectionl ,with the' first embodiment.

thermoi the rod ,123,` con- Y In` this particular. embodiment, .,tlie invention'is desgribed as an attachmentthat 1 It is lto be understood that either the ini-.v tial 'rimer or the initial heatelg'or both, may be omitted' in certain` embodiments if destandard make of carf creatie excellent as-'making conditions 1n the carbureter.

to the method whichV generally obtains, namely, drawing oli' the cold water from 'the motor-cooling system and then introducing several' gallons of 'hot' Water to take its place: While this method will heat the 'cylindersyit does not initially heat the carbur-eter satisfactorily; and, besides, itin volyes labor and delay.

As manyforms and types of carbureters are v now on' the market which are not waterj acketed, we' find-'that' a part' or parts Iof oui` structure, as.set forth hereinabove, can be attached thereto and excellent results thereby. obtainedn.' v.

It is tobe understood that, in countries or zones where the atmosphere becomes exceedin ly cold, the heat-generating chamber-and infeliz-manifold, one or both, may bei protected by `the continuation of the said waterjacket to protect them. In Fi .'1, the man1- fold isshown as provided Wit a channel 2 which communicates With the waterecircue lati'rig channel 4, or 4vaeroplanes, this would beadesidera'tum; l

` With such constructions` asl herein de-.

scribed and illustrated, the 'need for Vselfstarters is not as great; but, if employed as a convenience, it will be'necessary to' install 1 'now` generally used. 40

-less powerful .devices than those v vhich are 'Operatilz vTo start'andregulate a motor i to which `one ofour4 carbureters is attached,

the procedulewould bc, about aS OllOW'S:

After notin the kind'of fuelv being-used, the adjusting 4ever {15,for controlling the A`gas. temperature, accordingffto scales, is set.f f

The initiallheater is then brought into op- I' "eration and it, if necessaryfproduces a teme peratureA equal to boiling water for a-.l'iyjki-nd .of fuel. This would, however, notbe necessary vin the evelite-.gasolene .und other-fuels "of aslmllarspeciiic.gravity'arefused. "lhem-f;4 tioned outside source, and'temperat'ure-indii thel carbureter 1s pruned as usual. Or, it

our initial pril-ner being.- embodied, the lpriming is accomplished. 'through this in-- strilmentality, and preferably so. lnwarm Weather, this 'priming facilitates .the starting of the motor, even though the. 'initial heater is not tli'en' used.v

The motor then haring cranked, as by giVing\tlie-crank-Shaft romja` half to three-quiu'tersYof a turn, the carbureter is lthen .able to gasify anyof, the fuelslabove specified,l and. it is immaterial if gasolene` is followed by, say,` kerosene, or yice versa.- The motorv will run equally Wellv with eitherhis isv obviously superior 'tionto existing forms of'carbureters.

formdof fuel. This is an important feature of the structure. The superior gas-making facilities, thus embodied, reduce the usually unpleasant odor of vthe exhaust gases'.

From the foregoing, it will be perceived that wev have succeeded in devisin a structure which is well vadapted to ac vieye the .several objects and ends in View. The struc- Asv many changes can be madein A-the above-described vconstructions, and many apparently widely different embodiments of the invention can be made Without departing from the vspirit-thereof, it isv intended that all matter contained 'in the foregoing description and shownin the vmpanying drawings shallbe interpreted as illustrative and not in alimitingsense.

Itisalso to be understood that the language used in the claims is intended to cover not onlythe specific fea-tures of the invention butv the generic vi'eatures as Well.

. What We claim is:

1 A carbureter, including a casing, a chamber therein, a gas-manifold connected thereto, a channel in the'vcasing 'and in the manifold,"a^ waterconcluit leading from a Water-supplying source outside ,the casing 4into said channel for :introducing water ,2.F`A.- carburete, includinga easing, a

. .chamber therein, iu -g'asemanif'old .connected t-hereto, a channel in' the casing and'in the manifold, ra.Water-conduit vleadi'n from a )vater-supplying source outsidetic casing 1nto -sa1c l channel for introducing Water 'thereinto,. means for closing the Water-con- 1 duit, water-receiving and discharging de# vicesfor thelhng of Water` 1nt-o,.and with- .dra-wal-ofn the 'same from, the-chamiel independently of the Water inthe aforemencatingineans connected to the casing where oy thetelnperature of a fluld therein and 1n the man1-fold mayjbe'd'efimtely ascertained.

18. In a carbureter, a ca's1ng,.a gas-muni- .fold connected thereto, a channel inthe casing andl extending in to the.; manifold, an electricheating' coil within thel channel, a

the conduit, an 'electric heating 'element `inclependenrly of 'the water in the-.a'foref .mentioned youtside source.'

heated chamber communicating with the main chamber and provided with an airport, automatically-operated .valve-mechanisln for controlling the port, and expansion means vconnected with and operating said valve-mechanism for automatically opening and closing said port and including bodies of liquid'and air housed Within1 the exhaustheated chamber.

17,. Acarbureter including a main chamber, a fuel-inlet leadin thereinto, anairinlet leading into the c amber, an exhaustheated chamber communicating withy the main chamber and provided with an airport, automatically-operated valve-mechanism for controlling the port, expansion means connectedwithard operating said valve-mechanism for automatically' opening and c1osing said port and including bodies of liquid and air housed within the exhaustheated chamber, and manually-operated means-.for adjusting said valve-mechanismy /and cause 1t to become operative at .predetermined temperatures.

air, agus-inlet, a primary air-inlet,' and a secondary arr-inlet leading into the carbu- -reter-chalnber, both of said air-inlets leading from the air-tempering chamber, a valve ffory controlling thc secondary inlet, and

means. for adjusting the. valve toandretaining the -salne at any of its plurality of positions.' A Y n .1.19. A carbureter including aA chamber provided with a combined fuel and air inlet` and a secondary air inlet, a'valve for con-fV trolling fsaid secondary inlet, "automatic -nieans `including a thermostatic device inluencedby air' passing into t-he air inlets for operating said 'valvefand manual vmeans for actuatmg'the valve at the .will ofthe operator. L f

18. A carburetor` including a carbureterchamber,- a Vsecond chamber for tempering Q0. A carbureter includin a casing, a chamber therein, a fuel-inlet ceding thereinto, an airheater, an' air-conduit connect-L ing the heater and the chamber, a thermostatic device operating to control air passing through the air-conduit, and a counteracting dei'ice operative on the thermostatic device and adjustable into any of a plu- .rality of positions.

21, A carbureter including a` casing, a chamber therein, a gas-manifold connected thereto, a channel in the casing and in the manifold, and a water-conduit leading from a water-supplying source outside the casing into said channel for introducing water thereinto.

22. Acarbureter including aoas`ingla chamber therein, a gas-manifold connected thereto, a channel in the casing and in the manifold, a natur-conduit leading from a eter-supplying source outside the casing into said channel for introducing water theieinto, and means for .controllingthe introduction of water into and its discharge fromsaid .chamber and manifold channels.

23. A carburetor-structure including a mixing-chamber and a channel surrounding the mixing-chau'lber and provided with independent emptying and filling ports, a motor associated with the carburetor, a cooling-system therefor, connections between said cooling-system and the carbureterchannel, and means for controlling the flow of iuid through the connections.

f 1n testimony whereof We aii'iX our signatures in presence of two witnesses. L

GEORGE W. DONNINGL DAVID ALEXANDER DONNING.

' HARRY B. DONNING.. 

